The individual layers of cardboard can consist of different types of paper and grammages. Additionally, the individual corrugated layers may differ in height and wave spacing. By combining different types of papers, grammages, and waves in the layers of cardboard, specific properties of the cardboard are achieved.
Top Sheets
Top sheets of corrugated cardboard are manufactured in the following qualities:
- KRAFTLINER - the highest quality paper for the top layer, made with a minimum of 80% sulfate pulp
- TESTLINER - multi-layered paper made from different fibrous materials, the pulp content is not specified, so only the strength properties are defined and guaranteed
- SCHRENZ (greyboard) - the lowest quality paper made from mixed recycled paper
Corrugated Layer (so-called "fluting")
Fluting is the paper used for the production of the corrugated layer of cardboard and is manufactured in the following qualities:
- HALBZELLSTOFF - the highest quality paper for the wave, very strong semi-chemical paper made from wood fibers
- WELLENSTOFF - greyboard made from sorted (higher quality) recycled paper
- SCHRENZ (greyboard) - the lowest quality paper made from mixed recycled paper
The most commonly used types of waves are A, C, B, and E waves:
A (rough wave): wave height 4.0 – 4.9 mm (spacing 8.0 - 9.5 mm)
C (medium wave): wave height 3.1 – 3.9 mm (spacing 6.8 – 7.9 mm)
B (fine wave): wave height 2.2 – 3.0 mm (spacing 5.6 – 6.5 mm)
E (micro wave): wave height 1.0 – 1.8 mm (spacing 3.0 – 3.5 mm)